Jangwoon Park

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Jangwoon Park

Jangwoon Park

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Apr 29, 2020
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Professor Park's class is great for those engineering majors. He really cares about his students. He wanted us all to succeed. His class consists of homework every week, which is usually easy to complete, three exams, and a few quizzes. Overall, I would take his class again.

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Biography

Texas A&M University Corpus Christi - Engineering

Assistant Professor at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
Research
Jangwoon
Park
Corpus Christi, Texas
I'm an assistant professor in School of Engineering and Computing Sciences at Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi.

My research interests are human factors/ergonomics, biomechanics, engineering anthropometry, automobile ergonomics, digital human modeling & simulation, usability testing, clothing sizing system and pattern design, and kansei engineering.

Experience

  • Pohang University of Science and Technology

    Postdoctoral Research Associate

    - Development of an evaluation protocol for a bus seat
    - Development of a sizing system of mass-customized clothing for wheelchair users: men’s suit sizes
    - Ergonomic evaluation of vented safety shoes
    - Ergonomic improvement of the Korean flight suit sizing system and pattern

  • University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow

    - Driver safety
    - Driver head locations
    - Development of statistical models for predicting perception of fit using seating pressure distribution
    - Identification of effects on lap and shoulder belt fit in rear seats
    - SAE J2732
    - Passenger postures in rear seats
    - Driver postures

  • University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute

    Visiting Scholar

    - Development of statistical models for predicting rear-seat passenger postures
    - Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

  • Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi

    Assistant Professor

    - Development of a design protocol of swimming goggles using an individual's 3D facial scan
    - Development of a vehicle-seat dimension evaluation system based on SAE J2732 standard

Education

  • Pohang University of Science and Technology

    Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

    Human Factors and Ergonomics Engineering

  • Pohang University of Science and Technology

    Postdoctoral Research Associate


    - Development of an evaluation protocol for a bus seat - Development of a sizing system of mass-customized clothing for wheelchair users: men’s suit sizes - Ergonomic evaluation of vented safety shoes - Ergonomic improvement of the Korean flight suit sizing system and pattern

  • Ajou University

    Bachelor of Science (BS)

    Industrial Engineering

Publications

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

    Procedia Manufacturing

    The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was developed to locate the driver's pelvis based on the kinematic relationships between the pelvis bony landmarks, body landmarks, and skeletal joint locations measured in a laboratory “hardseat” that allows access to posterior landmarks. The method accounts for variation in flesh margins at pelvis landmarks. Body landmark locations were measured using a coordinate measurement machine for 90 men and women in the hardseat and a vehicle seat set to 9 driver package conditions. Pelvis locations in the vehicle seat were calculated using two supra-patella landmarks, anterior-superior iliac spines (ASIS) surface landmarks, and L5/S1 joint location along with the pelvis kinematic linkage calculated from the hardseat for each participant. To assess the performance of the method, the intra-subject standard deviations (SD) of each participant's fitted ASIS flesh margins were evaluated. Across the 9 driver package conditions, the mean intra-subject SD of the fitted ASIS flesh margins were 5.6 mm horizontal and 4.7 mm vertical.. The new method provides a consistent way to calculate the position and the orientation of the pelvis in which posterior landmarks cannot be directly measured, providing improved accuracy of the pelvis position for a wide range of vehicle, seat, and safety system assessments.

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

    Procedia Manufacturing

    The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was developed to locate the driver's pelvis based on the kinematic relationships between the pelvis bony landmarks, body landmarks, and skeletal joint locations measured in a laboratory “hardseat” that allows access to posterior landmarks. The method accounts for variation in flesh margins at pelvis landmarks. Body landmark locations were measured using a coordinate measurement machine for 90 men and women in the hardseat and a vehicle seat set to 9 driver package conditions. Pelvis locations in the vehicle seat were calculated using two supra-patella landmarks, anterior-superior iliac spines (ASIS) surface landmarks, and L5/S1 joint location along with the pelvis kinematic linkage calculated from the hardseat for each participant. To assess the performance of the method, the intra-subject standard deviations (SD) of each participant's fitted ASIS flesh margins were evaluated. Across the 9 driver package conditions, the mean intra-subject SD of the fitted ASIS flesh margins were 5.6 mm horizontal and 4.7 mm vertical.. The new method provides a consistent way to calculate the position and the orientation of the pelvis in which posterior landmarks cannot be directly measured, providing improved accuracy of the pelvis position for a wide range of vehicle, seat, and safety system assessments.

  • Development of an automatic seat-dimension extraction system

    SAE International

    This paper reports on the development and validation of an automated seat-dimension extraction system that can efficiently and reliably measure the SAE J2732 (2008) seat-dimensions from 3D seat scan data. The automated seat-dimension extraction process in the system consists of four phases: (1) import 3D seat scan data along with seat reference information such as H-point location, seatback and cushion angles, (2) identify centerline and lateral cross-section lines on the imported 3D seat scan data, (3) identify landmarks on the centerline and cross-section lines based on the SAE J2732 definitions, and (4) measure seat-dimensions using the identified landmarks. To validate the automated seat measurements, manually measured dimensions in a computer-aided-design (CAD) environment and automatically extracted ones in the current system were compared in terms of mean discrepancy and intra- and inter-observer standard deviations (SD). The automatically extracted seat-dimensions were more repeatable than those obtained with manually measurement in CAD. Automatically extracted seat-dimensions using the current system would be useful for evaluating or benchmarking seats for which design data is lacking.

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

    Procedia Manufacturing

    The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was developed to locate the driver's pelvis based on the kinematic relationships between the pelvis bony landmarks, body landmarks, and skeletal joint locations measured in a laboratory “hardseat” that allows access to posterior landmarks. The method accounts for variation in flesh margins at pelvis landmarks. Body landmark locations were measured using a coordinate measurement machine for 90 men and women in the hardseat and a vehicle seat set to 9 driver package conditions. Pelvis locations in the vehicle seat were calculated using two supra-patella landmarks, anterior-superior iliac spines (ASIS) surface landmarks, and L5/S1 joint location along with the pelvis kinematic linkage calculated from the hardseat for each participant. To assess the performance of the method, the intra-subject standard deviations (SD) of each participant's fitted ASIS flesh margins were evaluated. Across the 9 driver package conditions, the mean intra-subject SD of the fitted ASIS flesh margins were 5.6 mm horizontal and 4.7 mm vertical.. The new method provides a consistent way to calculate the position and the orientation of the pelvis in which posterior landmarks cannot be directly measured, providing improved accuracy of the pelvis position for a wide range of vehicle, seat, and safety system assessments.

  • Development of an automatic seat-dimension extraction system

    SAE International

    This paper reports on the development and validation of an automated seat-dimension extraction system that can efficiently and reliably measure the SAE J2732 (2008) seat-dimensions from 3D seat scan data. The automated seat-dimension extraction process in the system consists of four phases: (1) import 3D seat scan data along with seat reference information such as H-point location, seatback and cushion angles, (2) identify centerline and lateral cross-section lines on the imported 3D seat scan data, (3) identify landmarks on the centerline and cross-section lines based on the SAE J2732 definitions, and (4) measure seat-dimensions using the identified landmarks. To validate the automated seat measurements, manually measured dimensions in a computer-aided-design (CAD) environment and automatically extracted ones in the current system were compared in terms of mean discrepancy and intra- and inter-observer standard deviations (SD). The automatically extracted seat-dimensions were more repeatable than those obtained with manually measurement in CAD. Automatically extracted seat-dimensions using the current system would be useful for evaluating or benchmarking seats for which design data is lacking.

  • Development of a textile sensibility evaluation system

    Fibers & Polymers

    As the demand in the market for a product with a high sensibility has dramatically increased, research has been conducted in designing products for better sensibility; however, most studies have employed a paper-and-pencil (P&P) questionnaire in administering a sensibility evaluation, causing a lack of efficiency and systematicity in sensibility research. The present study developed a computerized textile sensibility evaluation system which can be used to efficiently evaluate the visual, tactile, visual-tactile, and auditory sensibilities of textiles and examined its effectiveness in visual sensibility evaluation compared with the traditional P&P evaluation method. The computerized evaluation system has capabilities of managing information of textile properties, designing a sensibility evaluation experiment, administering a sensibility evaluation, and managing evaluation data for post hoc analysis. The test-retest protocol was administered with a within-subject design for 15 females in their 20 s and 30 s to examine the difference in visual sensibility evaluation between the P&P method and the computer-based method. A high correlation (r=.88∼.97) was found in sensibility evaluation between the two methods and the computer-based system showed a higher repeatability within a rater in repeated evaluation (a decrease of 25 % in intra-rater SD), which indicates the computer-based method is an effective alternative to the P&P method in visual sensibility evaluation. The findings of the present study support use of a computerized system for practitioners to efficiently identify preferred characteristics of textiles for the design of sensible clothing.

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

    Procedia Manufacturing

    The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was developed to locate the driver's pelvis based on the kinematic relationships between the pelvis bony landmarks, body landmarks, and skeletal joint locations measured in a laboratory “hardseat” that allows access to posterior landmarks. The method accounts for variation in flesh margins at pelvis landmarks. Body landmark locations were measured using a coordinate measurement machine for 90 men and women in the hardseat and a vehicle seat set to 9 driver package conditions. Pelvis locations in the vehicle seat were calculated using two supra-patella landmarks, anterior-superior iliac spines (ASIS) surface landmarks, and L5/S1 joint location along with the pelvis kinematic linkage calculated from the hardseat for each participant. To assess the performance of the method, the intra-subject standard deviations (SD) of each participant's fitted ASIS flesh margins were evaluated. Across the 9 driver package conditions, the mean intra-subject SD of the fitted ASIS flesh margins were 5.6 mm horizontal and 4.7 mm vertical.. The new method provides a consistent way to calculate the position and the orientation of the pelvis in which posterior landmarks cannot be directly measured, providing improved accuracy of the pelvis position for a wide range of vehicle, seat, and safety system assessments.

  • Development of an automatic seat-dimension extraction system

    SAE International

    This paper reports on the development and validation of an automated seat-dimension extraction system that can efficiently and reliably measure the SAE J2732 (2008) seat-dimensions from 3D seat scan data. The automated seat-dimension extraction process in the system consists of four phases: (1) import 3D seat scan data along with seat reference information such as H-point location, seatback and cushion angles, (2) identify centerline and lateral cross-section lines on the imported 3D seat scan data, (3) identify landmarks on the centerline and cross-section lines based on the SAE J2732 definitions, and (4) measure seat-dimensions using the identified landmarks. To validate the automated seat measurements, manually measured dimensions in a computer-aided-design (CAD) environment and automatically extracted ones in the current system were compared in terms of mean discrepancy and intra- and inter-observer standard deviations (SD). The automatically extracted seat-dimensions were more repeatable than those obtained with manually measurement in CAD. Automatically extracted seat-dimensions using the current system would be useful for evaluating or benchmarking seats for which design data is lacking.

  • Development of a textile sensibility evaluation system

    Fibers & Polymers

    As the demand in the market for a product with a high sensibility has dramatically increased, research has been conducted in designing products for better sensibility; however, most studies have employed a paper-and-pencil (P&P) questionnaire in administering a sensibility evaluation, causing a lack of efficiency and systematicity in sensibility research. The present study developed a computerized textile sensibility evaluation system which can be used to efficiently evaluate the visual, tactile, visual-tactile, and auditory sensibilities of textiles and examined its effectiveness in visual sensibility evaluation compared with the traditional P&P evaluation method. The computerized evaluation system has capabilities of managing information of textile properties, designing a sensibility evaluation experiment, administering a sensibility evaluation, and managing evaluation data for post hoc analysis. The test-retest protocol was administered with a within-subject design for 15 females in their 20 s and 30 s to examine the difference in visual sensibility evaluation between the P&P method and the computer-based method. A high correlation (r=.88∼.97) was found in sensibility evaluation between the two methods and the computer-based system showed a higher repeatability within a rater in repeated evaluation (a decrease of 25 % in intra-rater SD), which indicates the computer-based method is an effective alternative to the P&P method in visual sensibility evaluation. The findings of the present study support use of a computerized system for practitioners to efficiently identify preferred characteristics of textiles for the design of sensible clothing.

  • Effects of color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC)

    Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries

    In parallel to the social trend of green consumerism and well-being, the demand for naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC) continually increases in the textile and clothing industry. The present study examined the effects of NaCOC color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of NaCOC. Two age groups (20s and 30s; 40s and 50s) of women rated three color sets of NaCOC specimens (ivory, green, and coyote brown) treated by two chemical scouring methods (Na2CO3 and NaOH) and two bioscouring methods (enzyme and boiling water) using 7-point scales of nine visual sensibilities (bright-dark; clear-murky; heavy-light; vivid-subdued; warm-cool; fresh-stale; strong-weak; showy-plain; and luxurious-cheap). Preferred scouring methods by NaCOC color and/or age group were recommended for each visual sensibility (e.g., preferred scouring methods for fresh sensibility are Na2CO3 for ivory NaCOC, Na2CO3 and NaOH for green NaCOC, and boiling water for coyote brown NaCOC). In addition, the representative visual sensibilities of each NaCOC color (e.g., those of coyote brown NaCOC are dark, murky, heavy, vivid, warm, stale, strong, plain, and luxurious sensibilities) were identified for the women participants. Last, it was demonstrated that a bioscouring method can replace the traditional chemical methods for selected visual sensibilities (e.g., boiling water for luxurious sensibility).

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

    Procedia Manufacturing

    The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was developed to locate the driver's pelvis based on the kinematic relationships between the pelvis bony landmarks, body landmarks, and skeletal joint locations measured in a laboratory “hardseat” that allows access to posterior landmarks. The method accounts for variation in flesh margins at pelvis landmarks. Body landmark locations were measured using a coordinate measurement machine for 90 men and women in the hardseat and a vehicle seat set to 9 driver package conditions. Pelvis locations in the vehicle seat were calculated using two supra-patella landmarks, anterior-superior iliac spines (ASIS) surface landmarks, and L5/S1 joint location along with the pelvis kinematic linkage calculated from the hardseat for each participant. To assess the performance of the method, the intra-subject standard deviations (SD) of each participant's fitted ASIS flesh margins were evaluated. Across the 9 driver package conditions, the mean intra-subject SD of the fitted ASIS flesh margins were 5.6 mm horizontal and 4.7 mm vertical.. The new method provides a consistent way to calculate the position and the orientation of the pelvis in which posterior landmarks cannot be directly measured, providing improved accuracy of the pelvis position for a wide range of vehicle, seat, and safety system assessments.

  • Development of an automatic seat-dimension extraction system

    SAE International

    This paper reports on the development and validation of an automated seat-dimension extraction system that can efficiently and reliably measure the SAE J2732 (2008) seat-dimensions from 3D seat scan data. The automated seat-dimension extraction process in the system consists of four phases: (1) import 3D seat scan data along with seat reference information such as H-point location, seatback and cushion angles, (2) identify centerline and lateral cross-section lines on the imported 3D seat scan data, (3) identify landmarks on the centerline and cross-section lines based on the SAE J2732 definitions, and (4) measure seat-dimensions using the identified landmarks. To validate the automated seat measurements, manually measured dimensions in a computer-aided-design (CAD) environment and automatically extracted ones in the current system were compared in terms of mean discrepancy and intra- and inter-observer standard deviations (SD). The automatically extracted seat-dimensions were more repeatable than those obtained with manually measurement in CAD. Automatically extracted seat-dimensions using the current system would be useful for evaluating or benchmarking seats for which design data is lacking.

  • Development of a textile sensibility evaluation system

    Fibers & Polymers

    As the demand in the market for a product with a high sensibility has dramatically increased, research has been conducted in designing products for better sensibility; however, most studies have employed a paper-and-pencil (P&P) questionnaire in administering a sensibility evaluation, causing a lack of efficiency and systematicity in sensibility research. The present study developed a computerized textile sensibility evaluation system which can be used to efficiently evaluate the visual, tactile, visual-tactile, and auditory sensibilities of textiles and examined its effectiveness in visual sensibility evaluation compared with the traditional P&P evaluation method. The computerized evaluation system has capabilities of managing information of textile properties, designing a sensibility evaluation experiment, administering a sensibility evaluation, and managing evaluation data for post hoc analysis. The test-retest protocol was administered with a within-subject design for 15 females in their 20 s and 30 s to examine the difference in visual sensibility evaluation between the P&P method and the computer-based method. A high correlation (r=.88∼.97) was found in sensibility evaluation between the two methods and the computer-based system showed a higher repeatability within a rater in repeated evaluation (a decrease of 25 % in intra-rater SD), which indicates the computer-based method is an effective alternative to the P&P method in visual sensibility evaluation. The findings of the present study support use of a computerized system for practitioners to efficiently identify preferred characteristics of textiles for the design of sensible clothing.

  • Effects of color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC)

    Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries

    In parallel to the social trend of green consumerism and well-being, the demand for naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC) continually increases in the textile and clothing industry. The present study examined the effects of NaCOC color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of NaCOC. Two age groups (20s and 30s; 40s and 50s) of women rated three color sets of NaCOC specimens (ivory, green, and coyote brown) treated by two chemical scouring methods (Na2CO3 and NaOH) and two bioscouring methods (enzyme and boiling water) using 7-point scales of nine visual sensibilities (bright-dark; clear-murky; heavy-light; vivid-subdued; warm-cool; fresh-stale; strong-weak; showy-plain; and luxurious-cheap). Preferred scouring methods by NaCOC color and/or age group were recommended for each visual sensibility (e.g., preferred scouring methods for fresh sensibility are Na2CO3 for ivory NaCOC, Na2CO3 and NaOH for green NaCOC, and boiling water for coyote brown NaCOC). In addition, the representative visual sensibilities of each NaCOC color (e.g., those of coyote brown NaCOC are dark, murky, heavy, vivid, warm, stale, strong, plain, and luxurious sensibilities) were identified for the women participants. Last, it was demonstrated that a bioscouring method can replace the traditional chemical methods for selected visual sensibilities (e.g., boiling water for luxurious sensibility).

  • Statistical models for predicting automobile driving postures for men and women including effects of age

    Human Factors

    Previously published statistical models of driving posture have been effective for vehicle design, but have not taken into account the effects of age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting driving posture. Driving postures of 90 US drivers with a wide range of age and body size were measured in laboratory mock-up in 9 package conditions. Posture-prediction models for female and male drivers were separately developed by employing a stepwise regression technique using age, body dimensions, vehicle package conditions, and two-way interactions among other variables. Driving posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men. The results are compared with a previously developed model. The present study is the first study of driver posture to include a large cohort of older drivers and the first to report a significant effect of age. The posture-prediction models can be used to position computational human models or crash test dummies for vehicle design and assessment.

  • An anthropometric analysis of Korean male helicopter pilots for helicopter cockpit design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured 21 anthropometric dimensions (ADs) of 94 Korean male helicopter pilots in their 20s to 40s and compared them with corresponding measurements of Korean male civilians and the US Army male personnel. The ADs and the sample size of the anthropometric survey were determined by a four-step process: (1) selection of ADs related to helicopter cockpit design, (2) evaluation of the importance of each AD, (3) calculation of required sample sizes for selected precision levels and (4) determination of an appropriate sample size by considering both the AD importance evaluation results and the sample size requirements. The anthropometric comparison reveals that the Korean helicopter pilots are larger (ratio of means = 1.01-1.08) and less dispersed (ratio of standard deviations = 0.71-0.93) than the Korean male civilians and that they are shorter in stature (0.99), have shorter upper limbs (0.89-0.96) and lower limbs (0.93-0.97), but are taller on sitting height, sitting eye height and acromial height (1.01-1.03), and less dispersed (0.68-0.97) than the US Army personnel. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The anthropometric characteristics of Korean male helicopter pilots were compared with those of Korean male civilians and US Army male personnel. The sample size determination process and the anthropometric comparison results presented in this study are useful to design an anthropometric survey and a helicopter cockpit layout, respectively.

  • Analysis of the facial measurements of Korean Air Force pilots for oxygen mask design

    Ergonomics

    This study measured the facial dimensions of Korean Air Force (KAF) pilots, to design a pilot oxygen mask, and compared them with those of Korean civilians and US Air Force (USAF) personnel. Twenty-two facial dimensions were measured for 278 KAF male pilots (KMP) and 58 KAF female pilots and cadets (KFP) using an anthropometer and a three-dimensional scanner. The KMP face measurements were found to be significantly larger (mean difference, [Formula: see text] = 0.7-26.5 mm) and less varied (ratio of SDs = 0.29-0.82) than those of Korean male civilians. The average face length, lip width and nasal root breadth of the KMP were significantly longer ([Formula: see text] = 4.7 mm), narrower ([Formula: see text] = -2.4 mm), and wider ([Formula: see text] = 5.2 mm), respectively, than those of USAF male personnel. Lastly, the KMP face measurements were significantly larger ([Formula: see text] = 1.8-26.1 mm) than those of the KFP. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The face measurements of KAF pilots were collected and compared with those of Korean civilians and USAF personnel. The distinct facial features of the populations identified in this study are applicable to custom design of an oxygen mask for prevention of excessive pressure and oxygen leakage.

  • A statistical model including age to predict passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles

    Ergonomics

    Few statistical models of rear-seat passenger posture have been published and none has taken into account the effects of occupant age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting passenger postures in the rear seats of automobiles. Postures of 89 adults with a wide range of age and body size were measured in a laboratory mock-up in 7 seat configurations. Posture-prediction models for female and male passengers were separately developed by stepwise regression using age, body dimensions, seat configurations, and two-way interactions as potential predictors. Passenger posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other two-way interaction variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men and the prediction results are compared with previously published models. The present study is the first study of passenger posture to include a large cohort of older passengers and the first to report a significant effect of age for adults. The presented models can be used to position computational and physical human models for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Development of an optimization method for locating the pelvis in an automobile seat

    Procedia Manufacturing

    The position and orientation of a vehicle occupant's pelvis are important for seat design and the provision of safety belts. However, the direct measurement of pelvis location in a vehicle seat is difficult due to interference from the vehicle and its seat structure, as well as driver factors such as abdomen adiposity. An optimization method was developed to locate the driver's pelvis based on the kinematic relationships between the pelvis bony landmarks, body landmarks, and skeletal joint locations measured in a laboratory “hardseat” that allows access to posterior landmarks. The method accounts for variation in flesh margins at pelvis landmarks. Body landmark locations were measured using a coordinate measurement machine for 90 men and women in the hardseat and a vehicle seat set to 9 driver package conditions. Pelvis locations in the vehicle seat were calculated using two supra-patella landmarks, anterior-superior iliac spines (ASIS) surface landmarks, and L5/S1 joint location along with the pelvis kinematic linkage calculated from the hardseat for each participant. To assess the performance of the method, the intra-subject standard deviations (SD) of each participant's fitted ASIS flesh margins were evaluated. Across the 9 driver package conditions, the mean intra-subject SD of the fitted ASIS flesh margins were 5.6 mm horizontal and 4.7 mm vertical.. The new method provides a consistent way to calculate the position and the orientation of the pelvis in which posterior landmarks cannot be directly measured, providing improved accuracy of the pelvis position for a wide range of vehicle, seat, and safety system assessments.

  • Development of an automatic seat-dimension extraction system

    SAE International

    This paper reports on the development and validation of an automated seat-dimension extraction system that can efficiently and reliably measure the SAE J2732 (2008) seat-dimensions from 3D seat scan data. The automated seat-dimension extraction process in the system consists of four phases: (1) import 3D seat scan data along with seat reference information such as H-point location, seatback and cushion angles, (2) identify centerline and lateral cross-section lines on the imported 3D seat scan data, (3) identify landmarks on the centerline and cross-section lines based on the SAE J2732 definitions, and (4) measure seat-dimensions using the identified landmarks. To validate the automated seat measurements, manually measured dimensions in a computer-aided-design (CAD) environment and automatically extracted ones in the current system were compared in terms of mean discrepancy and intra- and inter-observer standard deviations (SD). The automatically extracted seat-dimensions were more repeatable than those obtained with manually measurement in CAD. Automatically extracted seat-dimensions using the current system would be useful for evaluating or benchmarking seats for which design data is lacking.

  • Development of a textile sensibility evaluation system

    Fibers & Polymers

    As the demand in the market for a product with a high sensibility has dramatically increased, research has been conducted in designing products for better sensibility; however, most studies have employed a paper-and-pencil (P&P) questionnaire in administering a sensibility evaluation, causing a lack of efficiency and systematicity in sensibility research. The present study developed a computerized textile sensibility evaluation system which can be used to efficiently evaluate the visual, tactile, visual-tactile, and auditory sensibilities of textiles and examined its effectiveness in visual sensibility evaluation compared with the traditional P&P evaluation method. The computerized evaluation system has capabilities of managing information of textile properties, designing a sensibility evaluation experiment, administering a sensibility evaluation, and managing evaluation data for post hoc analysis. The test-retest protocol was administered with a within-subject design for 15 females in their 20 s and 30 s to examine the difference in visual sensibility evaluation between the P&P method and the computer-based method. A high correlation (r=.88∼.97) was found in sensibility evaluation between the two methods and the computer-based system showed a higher repeatability within a rater in repeated evaluation (a decrease of 25 % in intra-rater SD), which indicates the computer-based method is an effective alternative to the P&P method in visual sensibility evaluation. The findings of the present study support use of a computerized system for practitioners to efficiently identify preferred characteristics of textiles for the design of sensible clothing.

  • Effects of color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC)

    Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries

    In parallel to the social trend of green consumerism and well-being, the demand for naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC) continually increases in the textile and clothing industry. The present study examined the effects of NaCOC color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of NaCOC. Two age groups (20s and 30s; 40s and 50s) of women rated three color sets of NaCOC specimens (ivory, green, and coyote brown) treated by two chemical scouring methods (Na2CO3 and NaOH) and two bioscouring methods (enzyme and boiling water) using 7-point scales of nine visual sensibilities (bright-dark; clear-murky; heavy-light; vivid-subdued; warm-cool; fresh-stale; strong-weak; showy-plain; and luxurious-cheap). Preferred scouring methods by NaCOC color and/or age group were recommended for each visual sensibility (e.g., preferred scouring methods for fresh sensibility are Na2CO3 for ivory NaCOC, Na2CO3 and NaOH for green NaCOC, and boiling water for coyote brown NaCOC). In addition, the representative visual sensibilities of each NaCOC color (e.g., those of coyote brown NaCOC are dark, murky, heavy, vivid, warm, stale, strong, plain, and luxurious sensibilities) were identified for the women participants. Last, it was demonstrated that a bioscouring method can replace the traditional chemical methods for selected visual sensibilities (e.g., boiling water for luxurious sensibility).

  • Statistical models for predicting automobile driving postures for men and women including effects of age

    Human Factors

    Previously published statistical models of driving posture have been effective for vehicle design, but have not taken into account the effects of age. The present study developed new statistical models for predicting driving posture. Driving postures of 90 US drivers with a wide range of age and body size were measured in laboratory mock-up in 9 package conditions. Posture-prediction models for female and male drivers were separately developed by employing a stepwise regression technique using age, body dimensions, vehicle package conditions, and two-way interactions among other variables. Driving posture was significantly associated with age and the effects of other variables depended on age. A set of posture-prediction models are presented for women and men. The results are compared with a previously developed model. The present study is the first study of driver posture to include a large cohort of older drivers and the first to report a significant effect of age. The posture-prediction models can be used to position computational human models or crash test dummies for vehicle design and assessment.

  • Application of the real fabric frictional speeds to the fabric sound analysis using water repellent fabrics

    Fibers & Polymers

    This study aims to determine fabric frictional speeds between the arm and the trunk when people walk (1.3 m/s), jog (2.5 m/s) and run (4.5 m/s), and to apply the measured speeds to setting a sound generator for each motion to obtain fabric rustling sounds. By analyzing body motions captured by the Falcon motion analysis system and a camcorder, it was identified that the friction between the arm and trunk occurred within 10° of shoulder angle along the center line of the trunk in the sagittal plane and the maximum frictional speed occurred at the elbow within the shoulder friction range. The averages (SDs) of maximum frictional speed at the elbow were found 0.63 m/s (0.17) at walking, 1.1 m/s (0.25) at jogging, and 1.98 m/s (0.35) at running. The frictional sounds of three coated nylon fabrics were obtained using these predetermined speeds. We calculated sound characteristics such as the sound pressure levels (SPL) and Zwicker’s psychoacoustic parameter using 1/3 octave band analysis. The SPL values ranged from 74.2 dB at running to 79.0 dB at jogging, which was about the same noise level as in the busy street. The values of loudness (Z) at walking and jogging were higher than that at running, but the fluctuation strength (Z) increased in the order of walking, jogging, and running.

Possible Matching Profiles

The following profiles may or may not be the same professor:

  • Jangwoon Park (80% Match)
    Director, Title V/Trio And Professor
    Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi - Texas A&m University - Corpus Christi

ENGR 1211

5(7)

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