University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute

Research Associate

Brent worked at University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute as a Research Associate

Peterson Ventures INC.

President and CEO

General Construction and Building Services

University of Northern Colorado

Adjunct Instructor

Taught undergraduate lectures in Exercise Physiology

Biola University

Associate Professor

Brent worked at Biola University as a Associate Professor

Biola University

Assistant Professor

Brent worked at Biola University as a Assistant Professor

Limited Brands

Stock Room Manager

Managed shipments and maintained stock room inventory.

Cancer Rehabilitation: Impact of Physical Activity on Initial Clinical Assessments

Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology

Background: Preconditioning and prehabilitation have been reported to ameliorate a host of health-and cancer-related issues, yet few studies have examined implications of past physical activity (PA) on physiological and psychological parameters in cancer survivors. Implications of prior PA on physiological and psychosocial variables in cancer survivors were acquired during an initial assessment prior to participation in a cancer rehabilitation program. Methods: Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2peak), fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale, PFS), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured (N = 807; 67 ± 13 years). PA groups were divided by self-reported prior PA history (Group 1 = none; Group 2 < 150 min/week; Group 3 ≥ 150 min/week). Results: Significant (P < 0.05) main effects for PA were observed among all variables except the PFS affective subscale. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for BDI. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the total, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Finally, Groups 1 and 3, and Groups 2 and 3 differed significantly (P < 0.05) for the behavioral, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Conclusion: Cancer survivors with prior PA levels ≥ 150 min/week performed better on measures of VO 2peak , were significantly less fatigued and depressed at initial assessment.

Cancer Rehabilitation: Impact of Physical Activity on Initial Clinical Assessments

Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology

Background: Preconditioning and prehabilitation have been reported to ameliorate a host of health-and cancer-related issues, yet few studies have examined implications of past physical activity (PA) on physiological and psychological parameters in cancer survivors. Implications of prior PA on physiological and psychosocial variables in cancer survivors were acquired during an initial assessment prior to participation in a cancer rehabilitation program. Methods: Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2peak), fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale, PFS), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured (N = 807; 67 ± 13 years). PA groups were divided by self-reported prior PA history (Group 1 = none; Group 2 < 150 min/week; Group 3 ≥ 150 min/week). Results: Significant (P < 0.05) main effects for PA were observed among all variables except the PFS affective subscale. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for BDI. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the total, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Finally, Groups 1 and 3, and Groups 2 and 3 differed significantly (P < 0.05) for the behavioral, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Conclusion: Cancer survivors with prior PA levels ≥ 150 min/week performed better on measures of VO 2peak , were significantly less fatigued and depressed at initial assessment.

The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute Treadmill Protocol Accurately Measures VO2 peak in Cancer Survivors

International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Utilizing protocols to obtain peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) that were designed for the apparently health population may be inappropriate for cancer survivors (CS). The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute (UNCCRI) has developed a treadmill protocol designed for CS to address this issue. Objective: To assess the construct validity of VO2 peak prediction equations for the UNCCRI multistage treadmill protocol against obtained VO2peak values in a population of CS. Methods: Forty-five CS completed the UNCCRI VO2peak treadmill protocol utilizing gas analysis (GAS) to obtain a true VO2peak value. A VO2peak value was also estimated from the gas analysis test (EstGAS) using American College of Sports Medicine’s (ACSM) prediction equations. Additionally, a separate UNCCRI treadmill protocol not using gas analysis (NoGAS) was conducted using ACSM VO2 prediction equations to determine VO2peak. An ANOVA was used to compare GAS, EstGAS, and NoGAS to assess the validity of the prediction equations versus the VO2peak obtained from gas analysis. A paired t-test was utilized to compare treadmill times between GAS and NoGAS to assess differences attributed to the use of gas analysis. A Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between GAS and EstGAS VO2 peak values. Results: VO2 peak (mL•kg-1•min-1) did not significantly differ between GAS (26.8+7.0), EstGAS (26.2+6.5), and NoGAS (27.1+6.5) (P=0.2). Total treadmill time (min) differed significantly between GAS (12.1+2.8) and NoGAS (12.6+3.0; P<0.05). A significant, strong positive correlation was observed in VO2peak values between GAS and EstGAS (r=0.9; P<0.001). Conclusion: The UNCCRI treadmill protocol accurately predicts VO2peak when using gas analysis and when used with ACSM’s prediction equations demonstrating its construct validity. The UNCCRI treadmill protocol offers a safe and alternative measure of VO2peak for the cancer population.

Cancer Rehabilitation: Impact of Physical Activity on Initial Clinical Assessments

Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology

Background: Preconditioning and prehabilitation have been reported to ameliorate a host of health-and cancer-related issues, yet few studies have examined implications of past physical activity (PA) on physiological and psychological parameters in cancer survivors. Implications of prior PA on physiological and psychosocial variables in cancer survivors were acquired during an initial assessment prior to participation in a cancer rehabilitation program. Methods: Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2peak), fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale, PFS), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured (N = 807; 67 ± 13 years). PA groups were divided by self-reported prior PA history (Group 1 = none; Group 2 < 150 min/week; Group 3 ≥ 150 min/week). Results: Significant (P < 0.05) main effects for PA were observed among all variables except the PFS affective subscale. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for BDI. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the total, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Finally, Groups 1 and 3, and Groups 2 and 3 differed significantly (P < 0.05) for the behavioral, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Conclusion: Cancer survivors with prior PA levels ≥ 150 min/week performed better on measures of VO 2peak , were significantly less fatigued and depressed at initial assessment.

The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute Treadmill Protocol Accurately Measures VO2 peak in Cancer Survivors

International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Utilizing protocols to obtain peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) that were designed for the apparently health population may be inappropriate for cancer survivors (CS). The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute (UNCCRI) has developed a treadmill protocol designed for CS to address this issue. Objective: To assess the construct validity of VO2 peak prediction equations for the UNCCRI multistage treadmill protocol against obtained VO2peak values in a population of CS. Methods: Forty-five CS completed the UNCCRI VO2peak treadmill protocol utilizing gas analysis (GAS) to obtain a true VO2peak value. A VO2peak value was also estimated from the gas analysis test (EstGAS) using American College of Sports Medicine’s (ACSM) prediction equations. Additionally, a separate UNCCRI treadmill protocol not using gas analysis (NoGAS) was conducted using ACSM VO2 prediction equations to determine VO2peak. An ANOVA was used to compare GAS, EstGAS, and NoGAS to assess the validity of the prediction equations versus the VO2peak obtained from gas analysis. A paired t-test was utilized to compare treadmill times between GAS and NoGAS to assess differences attributed to the use of gas analysis. A Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between GAS and EstGAS VO2 peak values. Results: VO2 peak (mL•kg-1•min-1) did not significantly differ between GAS (26.8+7.0), EstGAS (26.2+6.5), and NoGAS (27.1+6.5) (P=0.2). Total treadmill time (min) differed significantly between GAS (12.1+2.8) and NoGAS (12.6+3.0; P<0.05). A significant, strong positive correlation was observed in VO2peak values between GAS and EstGAS (r=0.9; P<0.001). Conclusion: The UNCCRI treadmill protocol accurately predicts VO2peak when using gas analysis and when used with ACSM’s prediction equations demonstrating its construct validity. The UNCCRI treadmill protocol offers a safe and alternative measure of VO2peak for the cancer population.

The University Faculty Physical Activity Inventory: A Preliminary Assessment of Physical Activity Among Faculty at a Private University

Journal of Physical Activity Research

Physical activity (PA) is decreasing, with the work environment being particularly influential on reduction in PA. However, physically active lifestyles meeting or exceeding 150 minutes/week have been linked to reductions in multiple deleterious chronic health conditions. University educators are inundated with University work as well as promotional challenges that may act as barriers to achieving recommended daily levels of PA. Currently, very few research studies have evaluated PA among University faculty. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory investigation was to evaluate self-reported levels of PA among faculty members at Biola University. Eligible survey respondents (N = 138) were men (n = 72, 48.7 ± 11.7 years of age, 179.3 ± 8.5 centimeters in height, 86.3 ± 16.1 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 26.8 ± 4.6 kg/m 2) and women (n = 66, 44.8 ± 11.7 years of age, 166.2 ± 8.2 centimeters in height, 69.3 ± 13.2 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 25.1 ± 4.8 kg/m 2) faculty members from Biola University. Participants completed the IPAQ. Total daily sitting time and metabolic equivalent (MET) minute activity-specific (leisure, household, occupational, and transport) were calculated. One way ANOVAs revealed significant (p = 0.02) main effects for job title and total minutes of PA per week. The post-hoc analysis revealed that adjuncts were significantly more physically active than full professors. Although the only statistically significant differences were between adjuncts and full professors, we observed a downward trend in median physical activity. Women were significantly more physically active than men. Only 5.1% of faculty reported below 150 min of cumulative PA within a week. Faculty surveyed in this study exceeded the ACSM minimum weekly recommendations for PA and lower faculty ranks were the most active.

Cancer Rehabilitation: Impact of Physical Activity on Initial Clinical Assessments

Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology

Background: Preconditioning and prehabilitation have been reported to ameliorate a host of health-and cancer-related issues, yet few studies have examined implications of past physical activity (PA) on physiological and psychological parameters in cancer survivors. Implications of prior PA on physiological and psychosocial variables in cancer survivors were acquired during an initial assessment prior to participation in a cancer rehabilitation program. Methods: Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2peak), fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale, PFS), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured (N = 807; 67 ± 13 years). PA groups were divided by self-reported prior PA history (Group 1 = none; Group 2 < 150 min/week; Group 3 ≥ 150 min/week). Results: Significant (P < 0.05) main effects for PA were observed among all variables except the PFS affective subscale. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for BDI. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the total, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Finally, Groups 1 and 3, and Groups 2 and 3 differed significantly (P < 0.05) for the behavioral, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Conclusion: Cancer survivors with prior PA levels ≥ 150 min/week performed better on measures of VO 2peak , were significantly less fatigued and depressed at initial assessment.

The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute Treadmill Protocol Accurately Measures VO2 peak in Cancer Survivors

International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Utilizing protocols to obtain peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) that were designed for the apparently health population may be inappropriate for cancer survivors (CS). The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute (UNCCRI) has developed a treadmill protocol designed for CS to address this issue. Objective: To assess the construct validity of VO2 peak prediction equations for the UNCCRI multistage treadmill protocol against obtained VO2peak values in a population of CS. Methods: Forty-five CS completed the UNCCRI VO2peak treadmill protocol utilizing gas analysis (GAS) to obtain a true VO2peak value. A VO2peak value was also estimated from the gas analysis test (EstGAS) using American College of Sports Medicine’s (ACSM) prediction equations. Additionally, a separate UNCCRI treadmill protocol not using gas analysis (NoGAS) was conducted using ACSM VO2 prediction equations to determine VO2peak. An ANOVA was used to compare GAS, EstGAS, and NoGAS to assess the validity of the prediction equations versus the VO2peak obtained from gas analysis. A paired t-test was utilized to compare treadmill times between GAS and NoGAS to assess differences attributed to the use of gas analysis. A Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between GAS and EstGAS VO2 peak values. Results: VO2 peak (mL•kg-1•min-1) did not significantly differ between GAS (26.8+7.0), EstGAS (26.2+6.5), and NoGAS (27.1+6.5) (P=0.2). Total treadmill time (min) differed significantly between GAS (12.1+2.8) and NoGAS (12.6+3.0; P<0.05). A significant, strong positive correlation was observed in VO2peak values between GAS and EstGAS (r=0.9; P<0.001). Conclusion: The UNCCRI treadmill protocol accurately predicts VO2peak when using gas analysis and when used with ACSM’s prediction equations demonstrating its construct validity. The UNCCRI treadmill protocol offers a safe and alternative measure of VO2peak for the cancer population.

The University Faculty Physical Activity Inventory: A Preliminary Assessment of Physical Activity Among Faculty at a Private University

Journal of Physical Activity Research

Physical activity (PA) is decreasing, with the work environment being particularly influential on reduction in PA. However, physically active lifestyles meeting or exceeding 150 minutes/week have been linked to reductions in multiple deleterious chronic health conditions. University educators are inundated with University work as well as promotional challenges that may act as barriers to achieving recommended daily levels of PA. Currently, very few research studies have evaluated PA among University faculty. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory investigation was to evaluate self-reported levels of PA among faculty members at Biola University. Eligible survey respondents (N = 138) were men (n = 72, 48.7 ± 11.7 years of age, 179.3 ± 8.5 centimeters in height, 86.3 ± 16.1 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 26.8 ± 4.6 kg/m 2) and women (n = 66, 44.8 ± 11.7 years of age, 166.2 ± 8.2 centimeters in height, 69.3 ± 13.2 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 25.1 ± 4.8 kg/m 2) faculty members from Biola University. Participants completed the IPAQ. Total daily sitting time and metabolic equivalent (MET) minute activity-specific (leisure, household, occupational, and transport) were calculated. One way ANOVAs revealed significant (p = 0.02) main effects for job title and total minutes of PA per week. The post-hoc analysis revealed that adjuncts were significantly more physically active than full professors. Although the only statistically significant differences were between adjuncts and full professors, we observed a downward trend in median physical activity. Women were significantly more physically active than men. Only 5.1% of faculty reported below 150 min of cumulative PA within a week. Faculty surveyed in this study exceeded the ACSM minimum weekly recommendations for PA and lower faculty ranks were the most active.

The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Binge Drinking Among College Students: A Qualitative Investigation The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Binge Drinking Among College Students: A Qualitative Investigation

Journal of Health Education

Background: Among college students, an incongruous association between physical activity (PA) and binge drinking (BD) has been reported. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to qualitatively investigate the relationship between PA and BD among college students. Methods: A trained facilitator asked open-ended questions, based on the social–ecological model, during sex-specific focus groups to inquire about PA and BD. Participants were physically active students (18–24 years, non-varsity athletes), who reported at least one binge drinking episode in the past 30 days. Transcripts were analyzed by 3 researchers to determine emergent themes. Results: Several intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, and community factors were identified. The most frequently occurring theme among females (n = 25) was " calorie conscious. " " Damage control: healthy/unhealthy " was the most frequent theme/subtheme among males (n = 33). Discussion: The findings suggest multiple social–ecological levels that influence the complex relationship between PA and BD in college students. Although additional research is warranted, results of this study suggest that community-level factors greatly influence several intrapersonal and interpersonal level factors described by participants. Translation to Health Education Practice: It is imperative that Health Education professionals consider all social–ecological levels of influence when developing interventions and policies to promote PA and reduce BD among college students.

Cancer Rehabilitation: Impact of Physical Activity on Initial Clinical Assessments

Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology

Background: Preconditioning and prehabilitation have been reported to ameliorate a host of health-and cancer-related issues, yet few studies have examined implications of past physical activity (PA) on physiological and psychological parameters in cancer survivors. Implications of prior PA on physiological and psychosocial variables in cancer survivors were acquired during an initial assessment prior to participation in a cancer rehabilitation program. Methods: Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2peak), fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale, PFS), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured (N = 807; 67 ± 13 years). PA groups were divided by self-reported prior PA history (Group 1 = none; Group 2 < 150 min/week; Group 3 ≥ 150 min/week). Results: Significant (P < 0.05) main effects for PA were observed among all variables except the PFS affective subscale. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for BDI. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the total, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Finally, Groups 1 and 3, and Groups 2 and 3 differed significantly (P < 0.05) for the behavioral, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Conclusion: Cancer survivors with prior PA levels ≥ 150 min/week performed better on measures of VO 2peak , were significantly less fatigued and depressed at initial assessment.

The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute Treadmill Protocol Accurately Measures VO2 peak in Cancer Survivors

International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Utilizing protocols to obtain peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) that were designed for the apparently health population may be inappropriate for cancer survivors (CS). The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute (UNCCRI) has developed a treadmill protocol designed for CS to address this issue. Objective: To assess the construct validity of VO2 peak prediction equations for the UNCCRI multistage treadmill protocol against obtained VO2peak values in a population of CS. Methods: Forty-five CS completed the UNCCRI VO2peak treadmill protocol utilizing gas analysis (GAS) to obtain a true VO2peak value. A VO2peak value was also estimated from the gas analysis test (EstGAS) using American College of Sports Medicine’s (ACSM) prediction equations. Additionally, a separate UNCCRI treadmill protocol not using gas analysis (NoGAS) was conducted using ACSM VO2 prediction equations to determine VO2peak. An ANOVA was used to compare GAS, EstGAS, and NoGAS to assess the validity of the prediction equations versus the VO2peak obtained from gas analysis. A paired t-test was utilized to compare treadmill times between GAS and NoGAS to assess differences attributed to the use of gas analysis. A Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between GAS and EstGAS VO2 peak values. Results: VO2 peak (mL•kg-1•min-1) did not significantly differ between GAS (26.8+7.0), EstGAS (26.2+6.5), and NoGAS (27.1+6.5) (P=0.2). Total treadmill time (min) differed significantly between GAS (12.1+2.8) and NoGAS (12.6+3.0; P<0.05). A significant, strong positive correlation was observed in VO2peak values between GAS and EstGAS (r=0.9; P<0.001). Conclusion: The UNCCRI treadmill protocol accurately predicts VO2peak when using gas analysis and when used with ACSM’s prediction equations demonstrating its construct validity. The UNCCRI treadmill protocol offers a safe and alternative measure of VO2peak for the cancer population.

The University Faculty Physical Activity Inventory: A Preliminary Assessment of Physical Activity Among Faculty at a Private University

Journal of Physical Activity Research

Physical activity (PA) is decreasing, with the work environment being particularly influential on reduction in PA. However, physically active lifestyles meeting or exceeding 150 minutes/week have been linked to reductions in multiple deleterious chronic health conditions. University educators are inundated with University work as well as promotional challenges that may act as barriers to achieving recommended daily levels of PA. Currently, very few research studies have evaluated PA among University faculty. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory investigation was to evaluate self-reported levels of PA among faculty members at Biola University. Eligible survey respondents (N = 138) were men (n = 72, 48.7 ± 11.7 years of age, 179.3 ± 8.5 centimeters in height, 86.3 ± 16.1 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 26.8 ± 4.6 kg/m 2) and women (n = 66, 44.8 ± 11.7 years of age, 166.2 ± 8.2 centimeters in height, 69.3 ± 13.2 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 25.1 ± 4.8 kg/m 2) faculty members from Biola University. Participants completed the IPAQ. Total daily sitting time and metabolic equivalent (MET) minute activity-specific (leisure, household, occupational, and transport) were calculated. One way ANOVAs revealed significant (p = 0.02) main effects for job title and total minutes of PA per week. The post-hoc analysis revealed that adjuncts were significantly more physically active than full professors. Although the only statistically significant differences were between adjuncts and full professors, we observed a downward trend in median physical activity. Women were significantly more physically active than men. Only 5.1% of faculty reported below 150 min of cumulative PA within a week. Faculty surveyed in this study exceeded the ACSM minimum weekly recommendations for PA and lower faculty ranks were the most active.

The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Binge Drinking Among College Students: A Qualitative Investigation The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Binge Drinking Among College Students: A Qualitative Investigation

Journal of Health Education

Background: Among college students, an incongruous association between physical activity (PA) and binge drinking (BD) has been reported. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to qualitatively investigate the relationship between PA and BD among college students. Methods: A trained facilitator asked open-ended questions, based on the social–ecological model, during sex-specific focus groups to inquire about PA and BD. Participants were physically active students (18–24 years, non-varsity athletes), who reported at least one binge drinking episode in the past 30 days. Transcripts were analyzed by 3 researchers to determine emergent themes. Results: Several intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, and community factors were identified. The most frequently occurring theme among females (n = 25) was " calorie conscious. " " Damage control: healthy/unhealthy " was the most frequent theme/subtheme among males (n = 33). Discussion: The findings suggest multiple social–ecological levels that influence the complex relationship between PA and BD in college students. Although additional research is warranted, results of this study suggest that community-level factors greatly influence several intrapersonal and interpersonal level factors described by participants. Translation to Health Education Practice: It is imperative that Health Education professionals consider all social–ecological levels of influence when developing interventions and policies to promote PA and reduce BD among college students.

Cancer type does not affect exercise-mediated improvements in cardiorespiratory function and fatigue.

Journal of Integrative Cancer Therapies, 13(6)

Although trends toward improved cardiorespiratory and fatigue parameters only reached significance in some groups, there were no significant differences between cancer types. This suggests that cardiorespiratory and fatigue improvements following rehabilitative exercise are not dependent on cancer type. Further research investigating alternative physiological parameters are needed to confirm the relationship between cancer type and exercise-mediated rehabilitation.

Cancer Rehabilitation: Impact of Physical Activity on Initial Clinical Assessments

Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology

Background: Preconditioning and prehabilitation have been reported to ameliorate a host of health-and cancer-related issues, yet few studies have examined implications of past physical activity (PA) on physiological and psychological parameters in cancer survivors. Implications of prior PA on physiological and psychosocial variables in cancer survivors were acquired during an initial assessment prior to participation in a cancer rehabilitation program. Methods: Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2peak), fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale, PFS), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured (N = 807; 67 ± 13 years). PA groups were divided by self-reported prior PA history (Group 1 = none; Group 2 < 150 min/week; Group 3 ≥ 150 min/week). Results: Significant (P < 0.05) main effects for PA were observed among all variables except the PFS affective subscale. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for BDI. Groups 1 and 3 were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the total, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Finally, Groups 1 and 3, and Groups 2 and 3 differed significantly (P < 0.05) for the behavioral, sensory, and cognitive subscales of the PFS. Conclusion: Cancer survivors with prior PA levels ≥ 150 min/week performed better on measures of VO 2peak , were significantly less fatigued and depressed at initial assessment.

The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute Treadmill Protocol Accurately Measures VO2 peak in Cancer Survivors

International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Utilizing protocols to obtain peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) that were designed for the apparently health population may be inappropriate for cancer survivors (CS). The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute (UNCCRI) has developed a treadmill protocol designed for CS to address this issue. Objective: To assess the construct validity of VO2 peak prediction equations for the UNCCRI multistage treadmill protocol against obtained VO2peak values in a population of CS. Methods: Forty-five CS completed the UNCCRI VO2peak treadmill protocol utilizing gas analysis (GAS) to obtain a true VO2peak value. A VO2peak value was also estimated from the gas analysis test (EstGAS) using American College of Sports Medicine’s (ACSM) prediction equations. Additionally, a separate UNCCRI treadmill protocol not using gas analysis (NoGAS) was conducted using ACSM VO2 prediction equations to determine VO2peak. An ANOVA was used to compare GAS, EstGAS, and NoGAS to assess the validity of the prediction equations versus the VO2peak obtained from gas analysis. A paired t-test was utilized to compare treadmill times between GAS and NoGAS to assess differences attributed to the use of gas analysis. A Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between GAS and EstGAS VO2 peak values. Results: VO2 peak (mL•kg-1•min-1) did not significantly differ between GAS (26.8+7.0), EstGAS (26.2+6.5), and NoGAS (27.1+6.5) (P=0.2). Total treadmill time (min) differed significantly between GAS (12.1+2.8) and NoGAS (12.6+3.0; P<0.05). A significant, strong positive correlation was observed in VO2peak values between GAS and EstGAS (r=0.9; P<0.001). Conclusion: The UNCCRI treadmill protocol accurately predicts VO2peak when using gas analysis and when used with ACSM’s prediction equations demonstrating its construct validity. The UNCCRI treadmill protocol offers a safe and alternative measure of VO2peak for the cancer population.

The University Faculty Physical Activity Inventory: A Preliminary Assessment of Physical Activity Among Faculty at a Private University

Journal of Physical Activity Research

Physical activity (PA) is decreasing, with the work environment being particularly influential on reduction in PA. However, physically active lifestyles meeting or exceeding 150 minutes/week have been linked to reductions in multiple deleterious chronic health conditions. University educators are inundated with University work as well as promotional challenges that may act as barriers to achieving recommended daily levels of PA. Currently, very few research studies have evaluated PA among University faculty. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory investigation was to evaluate self-reported levels of PA among faculty members at Biola University. Eligible survey respondents (N = 138) were men (n = 72, 48.7 ± 11.7 years of age, 179.3 ± 8.5 centimeters in height, 86.3 ± 16.1 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 26.8 ± 4.6 kg/m 2) and women (n = 66, 44.8 ± 11.7 years of age, 166.2 ± 8.2 centimeters in height, 69.3 ± 13.2 kilograms in weight, and an average body mass index (BMI) of 25.1 ± 4.8 kg/m 2) faculty members from Biola University. Participants completed the IPAQ. Total daily sitting time and metabolic equivalent (MET) minute activity-specific (leisure, household, occupational, and transport) were calculated. One way ANOVAs revealed significant (p = 0.02) main effects for job title and total minutes of PA per week. The post-hoc analysis revealed that adjuncts were significantly more physically active than full professors. Although the only statistically significant differences were between adjuncts and full professors, we observed a downward trend in median physical activity. Women were significantly more physically active than men. Only 5.1% of faculty reported below 150 min of cumulative PA within a week. Faculty surveyed in this study exceeded the ACSM minimum weekly recommendations for PA and lower faculty ranks were the most active.

The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Binge Drinking Among College Students: A Qualitative Investigation The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Binge Drinking Among College Students: A Qualitative Investigation

Journal of Health Education

Background: Among college students, an incongruous association between physical activity (PA) and binge drinking (BD) has been reported. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to qualitatively investigate the relationship between PA and BD among college students. Methods: A trained facilitator asked open-ended questions, based on the social–ecological model, during sex-specific focus groups to inquire about PA and BD. Participants were physically active students (18–24 years, non-varsity athletes), who reported at least one binge drinking episode in the past 30 days. Transcripts were analyzed by 3 researchers to determine emergent themes. Results: Several intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, and community factors were identified. The most frequently occurring theme among females (n = 25) was " calorie conscious. " " Damage control: healthy/unhealthy " was the most frequent theme/subtheme among males (n = 33). Discussion: The findings suggest multiple social–ecological levels that influence the complex relationship between PA and BD in college students. Although additional research is warranted, results of this study suggest that community-level factors greatly influence several intrapersonal and interpersonal level factors described by participants. Translation to Health Education Practice: It is imperative that Health Education professionals consider all social–ecological levels of influence when developing interventions and policies to promote PA and reduce BD among college students.

Cancer type does not affect exercise-mediated improvements in cardiorespiratory function and fatigue.

Journal of Integrative Cancer Therapies, 13(6)

Although trends toward improved cardiorespiratory and fatigue parameters only reached significance in some groups, there were no significant differences between cancer types. This suggests that cardiorespiratory and fatigue improvements following rehabilitative exercise are not dependent on cancer type. Further research investigating alternative physiological parameters are needed to confirm the relationship between cancer type and exercise-mediated rehabilitation.

Feasibility of a combined aerobic and cognitive training intervention on cognitive function in cancer survivors: a pilot investigation

Journal of Pilot and Feasibility Studies

Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) may negatively affect upwards of 75% of cancer patients. Exercise and cognitive training, independently, may increase functional capacity and aspects of cognitive function. Yet, combined training protocols have not been evaluated in cancer survivor populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of a quasi-randomized, controlled, exploratory, repeated-measures aerobic and cognitive training intervention on cognitive function in participants undergoing treatment for cancer (N = 28). Methods Pre- and post-physical and cognitive assessments were administered. A 36-session (approximately 12 weeks) computer-based cognitive (COG), aerobic (AER), cognitive and aerobic (AER + COG), and flexibility (CON) training intervention was completed. Dependent measures t tests and pre- to post percentages were then calculated to address within-group changes for each dependent variable. ResultsWithin-group measures revealed that the AER logical memory scores (pre- to post mean difference [2.3], 95.0% CI [0.9, 3.7], percentage change [32.7%]), delayed recall scores (pre- to post mean difference [2.1], 95.0% CI [0.3, 3.9], percentage change [27.2%]), block design scores (pre- to post mean difference [1.7], 95.0% CI [0.2, 3.2], percentage change [19.0%]), and letter-number sequencing scores (pre- to post mean difference [1.0], 95.0% CI [0.2, 1.8], percentage change [12.3%]) all increased. Aspects of verbal fluidity scores increased in the CON group. However, all cognitive scores (AER + COG and COG groups) failed to increase. Conclusions Aerobic training for CRCI may positively impact cognitive function. Individually, these methods may appropriately address CRCI, but combined training of this nature may be too demanding for patients undergoing treatment for cancer. However, larger randomized trials are needed to substantiate this protocol in large-scale cancer rehabilitation centers.

American Scientific Affiliation

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American Scientific Affiliation

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American College of Sports Medicine

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American Scientific Affiliation

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American College of Sports Medicine

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Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

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American Scientific Affiliation

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American College of Sports Medicine

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Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

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American Scientific Affiliation

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American College of Sports Medicine

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Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

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American Scientific Affiliation

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American College of Sports Medicine

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Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

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American Scientific Affiliation

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American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member

American Scientific Affiliation

member

American College of Sports Medicine

member

Clinical Exercise Physiology Association

member